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Q. Define the following characteristics of waves. i) Time Period ii) Frequency iii) Wavelength iv) Wave Speed v) Wave Front

  i) Time Period: The required by one point on a wave to complete one vibration is called Time Period.It is denoted by “T” and its S.I. unit is second (s). ii) Frequency: The number of waves produced by any source in unit time (1 second) is called frequency. OR The number of waves passing through a point in unit time is called frequency. It is denoted by “f” and its S.I. unit is Hertz(Hz). or                                                                 iii) Wavelength: The linear distance between two consecutive crests or troughs is called wave length of that wave. OR The linear distance between two consecutive compressions or rarefactions is called wavelength of that wave .It is denoted by “ ” and its S.I. unit is meters(m). iv) Wave Speed:   The speed by which a wave travels is called wave speed. Its is denoted by “v” and its S.I unit is meter per second (m/s). Let   is the distance covered by a wav
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Q. Define the three properties of waves. i) Reflection ii) Refraction iii) Diffraction

  i) Reflection of Waves: “Bouncing back of waves into same medium by striking other medium surface is called reflection” When a vertical straight surface is placed in the path of the incoming waves the incident waves are reflected from the surface at the same angle. It can be seen that the reflected waves obey the law of reflection. For Example, the angle of the incident wave along the normal will be equal to the angle of the reflected wave. ii) Refraction of Waves: “When waves enter from one medium to another medium then as result the waves change direction this is called Refraction of waves”. When a flat piece of a block is immersed in the ripple tank, water depth becomes shallow. You will find that the wavelength of the plane waves shortens and changes direction, as they move from the boundary between two media, deep to shallow water. However, the frequency of water waves stays the same in both waves because it is the same as the frequency of the vibrator. This result sho
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Q. Differentiate between Mechanical and Electromagnetic Waves.

S.no. Mechanical Waves Electromagnetic Waves 1 Mechanical waves are such waves that need a medium for propagation. Electromagnetic waves are such waves that do not need a medium for propagation.   2 Mechanical waves are produced by vibratory motion in the respective medium.   Electromagnetic waves are produced by a changing of electric and magnetic fields. 3 Sound waves, water waves, and seismic waves are some examples of mechanical waves Radio waves, microwaves, light waves, U.V waves and infrared waves are some examples of electromagnetic waves. 4 Mechanical waves consist of transverse as well as longitudinal waves. Electromagnetic waves are only comprised of a transverse wave in nature. 5 Mechanical waves cannot travel through the vacuum. Electromagnetic waves travel through the va
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Q. Differentiate between Transverse and Longitudinal Waves.

S.No Transverse Waves Longitudinal Waves 1 Those waves in which particles of the medium vibrate perpendicular to the direction of propagation of waves are called transverse waves. Those waves in which particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of propagation of waves are called longitudinal waves. 2 These waves consists of Crests (Upper/Positive Part of wave where displacement of medium is maximum) and Troughs(Lower/Negative part of wave where displacement of medium is minimum) These waves consists of Compressions(region where particles are closer than average) and Rarefactions(region where particles are father apart than average) 3 For Example: Water waves, waves in rope, light waves. For Example: Sound waves, Waves in Spring, Seismic waves.
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Q. Define Waves and explain how are waves formed by rope, slinky and ripple tank.

  Waves or Wave Motion: A method to transport energy from one point to another point without transfer of matter is called wave. Formation of Waves: When particles of a medium are disturbed then as a result this disturbance travels from one point to another so by this mechanism energy is transported from one point to another. For Example. 1. Waves in Rope or String        2. Waves in a Slinky Spring      3. Water waves in Ripple Tank 1. Wave Motion by using a Rope: We can produce waves on a rope by attaching one end on a wall or tree and continuously moving the other end up and down. as shown in figure . These up-and-down movements produce oscillations or vibrations. We can observe that the generated rope waves travel towards the wall or tree, whereas the rope itself moves only up and down. The rope is the medium through which the waves travel or propagate. 2. Waves in a slinky spring:   A slinky spring is a pre-co
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Students Need Stress Management!

There is a difference between learning and school. School is where you have info and random facts shoved down your throat and you are forced to memorize them, answer the questions on a test, then you never use that info ever again. Learning is where you go and actually experience the world and you meet people and you learn about accepting each other and standing up for what you believe in and you see new cultures and new things and you LEARN. Seven hours at school and four hours of homework each night isn't going to teach students anything. Several surveys into occupational wellbeing name academics as one of the most stressed professional groups.You need a certain amount of stimulation just to get out of bed in the morning for lectures or work. But how much is too much? Stress can take control of you unless you take control of it. Manage time to manage stress :  Effective time management is a key approach to preventing avoidable stress.  Keep yourself organized and plan ahead
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Islamic Economic System- Perfect Balance

Firstly, let me define Economic system: An organized way in which a state or nation allocates its resources and apportions goods and services in the national community. A few years ago one could have indeed argued that capitalism has succeeded in the industrialized countries of the Northern Hemisphere. But even in the countries with high per capita income there were and still are tremendous disparities. Under capitalism wealth is not evenly distributed and even in the USA, 25% of the people live below the poverty line. Can we really say that we have an ideal or even a well-working economic system when millions of people are struggling just to survive? The current global financial crisis underscores the inequality, fragility and unpredictable future of the capitalist economic system.  While the US government gets ready to bail out banks and financial institutions that have failed due to their reckless greed, no one is there to save the thousands of ordinary people who are about
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